Celestial Geometry
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The Celestial Sphere, Reference Planes, and the Observer
The celestial sphere model, its three fundamental planes, key reference points, and the angular conventions used in chart calculation.
Celestial Coordinate Systems
Ecliptic, equatorial, horizontal, and galactic coordinate systems: definitions, spherical-cartesian conversion, and normalization.
Coordinate Transformations and Spherical Trigonometry
Rotation matrices for ecliptic-equatorial-horizontal transformations, spherical trigonometry, and the astronomical triangle.